vLLM versions before 0.28.0 fail to validate the lower bound of token IDs in the /v1/embeddings and /pooling endpoints, allowing unauthenticated attackers to crash the engine by submitting negative token IDs. A single request with a negative token ID triggers a CUDA device-side assertion that poisons the GPU context, causing all subsequent requests to fail until the process restarts.

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required None

Attack Requirements None

User Interaction None

Vulnerable System Confidentiality Impact None

Vulnerable System Integrity Impact None

Vulnerable System Availability Impact High

Subsequent System Confidentiality Impact None

Subsequent System Integrity Impact None

Subsequent System Availability Impact None

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required None

Scope Unchanged

Confidentiality Impact None

Integrity Impact None

Availability Impact High

User Interaction None

No CVSS v3.0

No CVSS v2

This CVE is not in the KEV list.

No EPSS score available.

Key SSVC decision points have not yet been added.

Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).

Vendor Product Default status Versions
vllm-project vllm unaffected
Version Status Constraints
0 affected < 0.28.0
0.28.0 unaffected —

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Project Subscriptions

Vendors Products
Vllm Subscribe
Vllm Subscribe
Advisories

No advisories yet.

Fixes

Solution

No solution given by the vendor.

Workaround

No workaround given by the vendor.

References
Link Providers
https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-25q3-v2hm-8vpf cve-icon
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vllm-before-0.28.0-denial-of-service-via-negative-token-id cve-icon
History

Fri, 18 Sep 2026 13:30:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description vLLM versions before 0.28.0 fail to validate the lower bound of token IDs in the /v1/embeddings and /pooling endpoints, allowing unauthenticated attackers to crash the engine by submitting negative token IDs. A single request with a negative token ID triggers a CUDA device-side assertion that poisons the GPU context, causing all subsequent requests to fail until the process restarts.
Title vLLM before 0.28.0 Denial of Service via negative token ID
First Time appeared Vllm
Vllm vllm
Weaknesses CWE-129
CPEs cpe:2.3:a:vllm:vllm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Vllm
Vllm vllm
References
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 7.5, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H'}

cvssV4_0

{'score': 8.7, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N'}

Projects

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cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: VulnCheck

Published:

Updated: 2026-09-18T13:20:05.365Z

Reserved: 2026-09-18T10:59:45.138Z

Link: CVE-2026-93592

cve-icon Vulnrichment

No data.

cve-icon NVD

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cve-icon Redhat

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cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

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Weaknesses