| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| Mojo::JSON versions before 9.47 for Perl allow memory exhaustion via unbounded recursion in the pure-Perl decoder.
The pure-Perl decode path (`_decode_value` dispatching to `_decode_array` and `_decode_object`) recurses with no depth limit, so a small deeply nested JSON document can consume excessive memory.
This path is the default when Cpanel::JSON::XS is not installed or `MOJO_NO_JSON_XS=1` is set; the Cpanel::JSON::XS fast path is not affected.
Any caller that decodes an untrusted JSON body, for example `Mojo::Message::json` reached through `$c->req->json`, can exhaust process memory and cause denial of service. |
| pdfcpu through v0.11.1 contains an uncontrolled-recursion denial-of-service issue in pkg/pdfcpu/model/parse.go. The parser descends recursively through nested PDF objects, including arrays, via ParseObjectContext() and parseArray() without enforcing a maximum nesting depth. |
| ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-51 and 7.1.2-26, a missing depth check in the MVG decoder will result in a stack overflow when a crafted image is provided. This issue has been fixed in versions 6.9.13-51 and 7.1.2-26. |
| Uncontrolled Recursion (CWE-674) in Elasticsearch can lead to a denial of service via Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130). An authenticated user can submit a specially crafted query that causes excessive resource consumption while the request is processed, which may render the affected node unavailable. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
memcg: use round-robin victim selection in refill_stock
Harry Yoo reported that get_random_u32_below() is not safe to call in the
nmi context and memcg charge draining can happen in nmi context.
More specifically get_random_u32_below() is neither reentrant- nor
NMI-safe: it acquires a per-cpu local_lock via local_lock_irqsave() on the
batched_entropy_u32 state. An NMI that lands on a CPU mid-update of the
ChaCha batch state and recurses into the random subsystem would corrupt
that state. The memcg_stock local_trylock prevents re-entry on the percpu
stock itself, but cannot protect an unrelated subsystem's per-cpu lock.
Replace the random pick with a per-cpu round-robin counter stored in
memcg_stock_pcp and serialized by the same local_trylock that already
guards cached[] and nr_pages[]. No atomics, no random calls, no extra
locks needed. |
| A stack overflow vulnerability exists in the libexpat library due to the way it handles recursive entity expansion in XML documents. When parsing an XML document with deeply nested entity references, libexpat can be forced to recurse indefinitely, exhausting the stack space and causing a crash. This issue could lead to denial of service (DoS) or, in some cases, exploitable memory corruption, depending on the environment and library usage. |
| Faraday is an HTTP client library abstraction layer that provides a common interface over many adapters. From 1.0.0 until 1.10.6 and 2.14.3, Faraday::NestedParamsEncoder, the default nested query parameter encoder/decoder in Faraday, decodes nested query strings without enforcing a maximum nesting depth. A crafted query string causes Faraday to build a deeply nested Ruby Hash structure. The internal dehash routine then recursively walks this attacker-controlled structure without a depth limit. At sufficient depth, Ruby raises an uncaught SystemStackError (stack level too deep), crashing the calling thread or worker. This can lead to denial of service in applications that pass attacker-controlled query strings to Faraday's nested query parsing or URL-building paths. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.10.6 and 2.14.3. |
| protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.6.1 and 8.4.1, protobufjs could recurse without a depth limit while converting decoded messages to plain objects or JSON. This affected generated toObject() conversion and the custom google.protobuf.Any JSON conversion path. A crafted protobuf binary payload containing deeply nested Any values could cause the JavaScript call stack to be exhausted during conversion to JSON. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.6.1 and 8.4.1. |
| protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 8.6.0 and 7.6.3, protobufjs accepted certain schema-derived names that could collide with properties used by protobufjs runtime helpers. The known affected names are fields named hasOwnProperty, field or oneof names such as $type when loaded through protobufjs JSON/reflection descriptors, and service methods whose generated helper name is rpcCall. When affected message or service types were used, protobufjs could read schema-controlled data where it expected an own-property helper, reflected type metadata, or the base RPC helper. This could cause deterministic exceptions or recursive calls in affected decode post-checks, verification, object conversion, reflected JSON serialization, or protobufjs RPC helper invocation. This vulnerability is fixed in 8.6.0 and 7.6.3. |
| MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, runtime-generated union deserializers emitted by DynamicUnionResolver do not call MessagePackSecurity.DepthStep(ref reader) and do not decrement reader.Depth around recursive deserialization and skip paths. This means union deserialization does not consistently participate in the maximum object graph depth enforcement that protects other recursive formatter paths. For unknown union keys, the emitted deserializer calls reader.Skip() on attacker-controlled data without an enclosing depth step. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.301 and 3.1.7. |
| MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePack-CSharp's JSON conversion helpers contain multiple recursion paths that do not consistently enforce a depth limit. These paths are in the JSON conversion component rather than normal typed MessagePack deserialization. MessagePackSerializer.ConvertFromJson recursively processes nested JSON arrays and objects in FromJsonCore() without consulting MessagePackSecurity.MaximumObjectGraphDepth. TinyJsonReader.ReadNextToken() recursively consumes comma and colon separator characters, allowing even malformed JSON with long separator runs to consume one stack frame per character. MessagePackSerializer.ConvertToJson applies depth checks to arrays and maps, but the typeless extension branch for ext-100 recursively calls ToJsonCore() without applying MessagePackSecurity.DepthStep(ref reader). Each path can allow attacker-controlled input to exhaust the process stack and trigger an uncatchable StackOverflowException instead of failing with a catchable parse or serialization exception. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.301 and 3.1.7. |
| MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePackReader.TrySkip() recursively descends into nested arrays and maps without incrementing the reader depth or calling the configured depth checks. This bypasses MessagePackSecurity.MaximumObjectGraphDepth, the library's documented protection against deeply nested object graphs. Many generated and dynamic formatters call reader.Skip() when they encounter unknown map keys, unknown array members, ignored fields, or data that should be skipped for forward compatibility. A deeply nested value in one of these skipped positions can therefore cause unbounded recursion and an uncatchable StackOverflowException. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.301 and 3.1.7. |
| MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePackReader.ReadDateTime() can allocate stack memory based on an attacker-controlled MessagePack extension length. In the slow path for timestamp extension parsing, the computed tokenSize includes the extension body length from the wire and is used in a stackalloc operation before the extension length is validated as one of the valid timestamp sizes. A very small payload can claim a large timestamp extension body and cause a stack allocation large enough to trigger an uncatchable StackOverflowException, terminating the host process. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.301 and 3.1.7. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
batman-adv: frag: disallow unicast fragment in fragment
batadv_frag_skb_buffer() is called by batadv_batman_skb_recv() when a
BATADV_UNICAST_FRAG packet is received. Once all fragments are collected
and the packet is reassembled, batadv_recv_frag_packet() calls
batadv_batman_skb_recv() again to process the defragmented payload.
A malicious sender can craft a BATADV_UNICAST_FRAG packet whose reassembled
payload is itself a BATADV_UNICAST_FRAG packet (matryoshka-style nesting).
Each nesting level recurses through batadv_batman_skb_recv() without bound,
growing the kernel stack until it is exhausted.
Since refragmentation or fragments in fragments are not actually allowed,
discard all packets which are still BATADV_UNICAST_FRAG packets after the
defragmentation process. |
| MuPDF before 1.27.0-rc1 contains an uncontrolled recursion vulnerability in the EPUB CSS rendering engine that allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service by supplying a maliciously crafted EPUB file with deeply nested HTML elements and inline CSS styles. The function value_from_inheritable_property() in css-apply.c recurses through the CSS property inheritance chain without a depth limit, exhausting the process stack and causing a crash in any application using MuPDF for EPUB rendering. |
| ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to version 7.1.2-23, due to a missing depth check a stack overflow can occur in the fx operation by passing a crafted argument. This issue has been patched in version 7.1.2-23. |
| Uncontrolled recursion vulnerability in Avast Antivirus when scanning a malformed Windows PE file may allow Denial-of-Service of the antivirus process.
This issue affects Avast Antivirus, AVG Antivirus, Norton Antivirus, Avast One, and Avast Business Antivirus on Windows, macOS, and Linux for virus definition builds before VPS 25031700.
The affected scanning logic is delivered through a shared Gen Digital virus definition update stream. The same stream feeds the consumer antivirus products listed in this advisory and other Gen Digital products that embed the same engine. Mitigation flows through this update channel; installations at or above the listed build are not vulnerable regardless of which product consumes the stream. |
| Stack overflow vulnerability due to uncontrolled recursion in Avast Antivirus when scanning a malformed PDF file may allow Denial-of-Service of the antivirus process.
This issue affects Avast Antivirus, AVG Antivirus, Norton Antivirus, Avast One, and Avast Business Antivirus on Windows, macOS, and Linux for virus definition builds before VPS 25021208.
The affected scanning logic is delivered through a shared Gen Digital virus definition update stream. The same stream feeds the consumer antivirus products listed in this advisory and other Gen Digital products that embed the same engine. Mitigation flows through this update channel; installations at or above the listed build are not vulnerable regardless of which product consumes the stream. |
| A vulnerability in MongoDB Server's BSON validation logic allows an unauthenticated user to crash the mongod process by sending a specially crafted message. The BSON validator's handling of certain nested binary data structures permits uncontrolled mutual recursion between validation functions, where each re-entry resets internal depth tracking. |
| A vulnerability was determined in postcss-selector-parser up to 6.1.2/7.1.2. Affected is the function toString of the file src/selectors/container.js of the component AST Serialization. Executing a manipulation can lead to uncontrolled recursion. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Upgrading to version 6.1.3 and 7.1.3 is able to address this issue. This patch is called 5bc698cef66f8abd12610dc623e5d67cbc0f869d. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component. The vendor explains, that according to his definition "DoS on server-side on user-generated CSS is low risk for us (since most users compile own CSS with PostCSS)." The commits were backported to 6.x branch, which was the most downloaded version. |
