| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: do not ASSERT() when the fs flips RO inside btrfs_repair_io_failure()
[BUG]
There is a bug report that when btrfs hits ENOSPC error in a critical
path, btrfs flips RO (this part is expected, although the ENOSPC bug
still needs to be addressed).
The problem is after the RO flip, if there is a read repair pending, we
can hit the ASSERT() inside btrfs_repair_io_failure() like the following:
BTRFS info (device vdc): relocating block group 30408704 flags metadata|raid1
------------[ cut here ]------------
BTRFS: Transaction aborted (error -28)
WARNING: fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c:3235 at __btrfs_free_extent.isra.0+0x453/0xfd0, CPU#1: btrfs/383844
Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass
[...]
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
BTRFS info (device vdc state EA): 2 enospc errors during balance
BTRFS info (device vdc state EA): balance: ended with status: -30
BTRFS error (device vdc state EA): parent transid verify failed on logical 30556160 mirror 2 wanted 8 found 6
BTRFS error (device vdc state EA): bdev /dev/nvme0n1 errs: wr 0, rd 0, flush 0, corrupt 10, gen 0
[...]
assertion failed: !(fs_info->sb->s_flags & SB_RDONLY) :: 0, in fs/btrfs/bio.c:938
------------[ cut here ]------------
assertion failed: !(fs_info->sb->s_flags & SB_RDONLY) :: 0, in fs/btrfs/bio.c:938
kernel BUG at fs/btrfs/bio.c:938!
Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 868 Comm: kworker/u8:13 Tainted: G W N 6.19.0-rc6+ #4788 PREEMPT(full)
Tainted: [W]=WARN, [N]=TEST
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.17.0-0-gb52ca86e094d-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
Workqueue: btrfs-endio simple_end_io_work
RIP: 0010:btrfs_repair_io_failure.cold+0xb2/0x120
RSP: 0000:ffffc90001d2bcf0 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: 0000000000000051 RBX: 0000000000001000 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff8305cf42 RDI: 00000000ffffffff
RBP: 0000000000000002 R08: 00000000fffeffff R09: ffffffff837fa988
R10: ffffffff8327a9e0 R11: 6f69747265737361 R12: ffff88813018d310
R13: ffff888168b8a000 R14: ffffc90001d2bd90 R15: ffff88810a169000
FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8885e752c000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
------------[ cut here ]------------
[CAUSE]
The cause of -ENOSPC error during the test case btrfs/124 is still
unknown, although it's known that we still have cases where metadata can
be over-committed but can not be fulfilled correctly, thus if we hit
such ENOSPC error inside a critical path, we have no choice but abort
the current transaction.
This will mark the fs read-only.
The problem is inside the btrfs_repair_io_failure() path that we require
the fs not to be mount read-only. This is normally fine, but if we are
doing a read-repair meanwhile the fs flips RO due to a critical error,
we can enter btrfs_repair_io_failure() with super block set to
read-only, thus triggering the above crash.
[FIX]
Just replace the ASSERT() with a proper return if the fs is already
read-only. |
| A TOCTOU (Time-Of-Check to Time-Of-Use) in the graphics interface may allow an attacker to load registers repeatedly creating a race condition potentially leading to a loss of integrity. |
| A race condition in the MxGPU-Virtualization driver’s ioctl path caused by concurrent unsynchronized access to the global variable amdgv_cmd in an unlocked ioctl handler could be exploited by an attacker to trigger a heap-based buffer overflow, potentially resulting in denial-of-service within the vulnerable system context. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
media: chips-media: wave5: Fix kthread worker destruction in polling mode
Fix the cleanup order in polling mode (irq < 0) to prevent kernel warnings
during module removal. Cancel the hrtimer before destroying the kthread
worker to ensure work queues are empty.
In polling mode, the driver uses hrtimer to periodically trigger
wave5_vpu_timer_callback() which queues work via kthread_queue_work().
The kthread_destroy_worker() function validates that both work queues
are empty with WARN_ON(!list_empty(&worker->work_list)) and
WARN_ON(!list_empty(&worker->delayed_work_list)).
The original code called kthread_destroy_worker() before hrtimer_cancel(),
creating a race condition where the timer could fire during worker
destruction and queue new work, triggering the WARN_ON.
This causes the following warning on every module unload in polling mode:
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 1034 at kernel/kthread.c:1430
kthread_destroy_worker+0x84/0x98
Modules linked in: wave5(-) rpmsg_ctrl rpmsg_char ...
Call trace:
kthread_destroy_worker+0x84/0x98
wave5_vpu_remove+0xc8/0xe0 [wave5]
platform_remove+0x30/0x58
...
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- |
| n8n-MCP is an MCP server that provides AI assistants access to n8n node documentation, properties, and operations. From version 2.18.7 to before version 2.50.2, there is an authenticated server-side request forgery vulnerability affecting the webhook trigger tools, the n8n API client (N8N_API_URL), and per-request URLs supplied via the x-n8n-url header in multi-tenant HTTP mode. This issue has been patched in version 2.50.2. |
| Use after free in Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| OpenClaw before 2026.4.22 contains a time-of-check/time-of-use race condition in OpenShell sandbox filesystem writes that allows attackers to redirect writes outside the intended mount root. Attackers can exploit symlink swaps during filesystem operations to bypass sandbox restrictions and write files outside the local mount root. |
| OpenClaw before 2026.4.22 contains a time-of-check/time-of-use race condition in the OpenShell filesystem bridge that allows attackers to read files outside the intended mount root. Attackers can exploit symlink swaps during filesystem operations to bypass sandbox restrictions and access unauthorized file contents. |
| csync2 uses insecure temporary directories when compiled with C99 or later, allowing for TOCTOU style attacks on the temporary directories. |
| A race condition exists in PaperCut MF when processing badge-swipe data from certain HP multifunction devices. Under specific network conditions involving dropped packets and out-of-order sequence counters, the server may incorrectly process fragmented data chunks. If a sequence reset notification fails to reach the server, the server may reject the initial data chunk while erroneously accepting subsequent chunks before a connection reset completes.
This leads to the registration of a truncated badge ID string. While this typically results in an authentication failure, the vulnerability is compounded in environments utilizing custom badge-ID post-processing scripts. In such configurations, the truncated string may be transformed into a valid ID belonging to a different user, leading to unauthorized session establishment (Incorrect User Login) on the device. |
| The base directory (`spring.cloud.config.server.git.basedir`) used by the Spring Cloud Config Server to clone Git repositories to is susceptible to time-of-check-time-of-use (TOCTOU) attacks.
Spring Cloud Config 3.1.x: affected from 3.1.0 through 3.1.13 (inclusive); upgrade to 3.1.14 or greater (Enterprise Support Only). Spring Cloud Config 4.1.x: affected from 4.1.0 through 4.1.9 (inclusive); upgrade to 4.1.10 or greater (Enterprise Support Only). Spring Cloud Config 4.2.x: affected from 4.2.0 through 4.2.6 (inclusive); upgrade to 4.2.7 or greater (Enterprise Support Only). Spring Cloud Config 4.3.x: affected from 4.3.0 through 4.3.2 (inclusive); upgrade to 4.3.3 or greater. Spring Cloud Config 5.0.x: affected from 5.0.0 through 5.0.2 (inclusive); upgrade to 5.0.3 or greater. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
media: rainshadow-cec: fix TOCTOU race condition in rain_interrupt()
In the interrupt handler rain_interrupt(), the buffer full check on
rain->buf_len is performed before acquiring rain->buf_lock. This
creates a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition, as
rain->buf_len is concurrently accessed and modified in the work
handler rain_irq_work_handler() under the same lock.
Multiple interrupt invocations can race, with each reading buf_len
before it becomes full and then proceeding. This can lead to both
interrupts attempting to write to the buffer, incrementing buf_len
beyond its capacity (DATA_SIZE) and causing a buffer overflow.
Fix this bug by moving the spin_lock() to before the buffer full
check. This ensures that the check and the subsequent buffer modification
are performed atomically, preventing the race condition. An corresponding
spin_unlock() is added to the overflow path to correctly release the
lock.
This possible bug was found by an experimental static analysis tool
developed by our team. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
exec: Fix ToCToU between perm check and set-uid/gid usage
When opening a file for exec via do_filp_open(), permission checking is
done against the file's metadata at that moment, and on success, a file
pointer is passed back. Much later in the execve() code path, the file
metadata (specifically mode, uid, and gid) is used to determine if/how
to set the uid and gid. However, those values may have changed since the
permissions check, meaning the execution may gain unintended privileges.
For example, if a file could change permissions from executable and not
set-id:
---------x 1 root root 16048 Aug 7 13:16 target
to set-id and non-executable:
---S------ 1 root root 16048 Aug 7 13:16 target
it is possible to gain root privileges when execution should have been
disallowed.
While this race condition is rare in real-world scenarios, it has been
observed (and proven exploitable) when package managers are updating
the setuid bits of installed programs. Such files start with being
world-executable but then are adjusted to be group-exec with a set-uid
bit. For example, "chmod o-x,u+s target" makes "target" executable only
by uid "root" and gid "cdrom", while also becoming setuid-root:
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root cdrom 16048 Aug 7 13:16 target
becomes:
-rwsr-xr-- 1 root cdrom 16048 Aug 7 13:16 target
But racing the chmod means users without group "cdrom" membership can
get the permission to execute "target" just before the chmod, and when
the chmod finishes, the exec reaches brpm_fill_uid(), and performs the
setuid to root, violating the expressed authorization of "only cdrom
group members can setuid to root".
Re-check that we still have execute permissions in case the metadata
has changed. It would be better to keep a copy from the perm-check time,
but until we can do that refactoring, the least-bad option is to do a
full inode_permission() call (under inode lock). It is understood that
this is safe against dead-locks, but hardly optimal. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
crypto: qat - resolve race condition during AER recovery
During the PCI AER system's error recovery process, the kernel driver
may encounter a race condition with freeing the reset_data structure's
memory. If the device restart will take more than 10 seconds the function
scheduling that restart will exit due to a timeout, and the reset_data
structure will be freed. However, this data structure is used for
completion notification after the restart is completed, which leads
to a UAF bug.
This results in a KFENCE bug notice.
BUG: KFENCE: use-after-free read in adf_device_reset_worker+0x38/0xa0 [intel_qat]
Use-after-free read at 0x00000000bc56fddf (in kfence-#142):
adf_device_reset_worker+0x38/0xa0 [intel_qat]
process_one_work+0x173/0x340
To resolve this race condition, the memory associated to the container
of the work_struct is freed on the worker if the timeout expired,
otherwise on the function that schedules the worker.
The timeout detection can be done by checking if the caller is
still waiting for completion or not by using completion_done() function. |
| A race condition was found in the Linux kernel's scsi device driver in lpfc_unregister_fcf_rescan() function. This can result in a null pointer dereference issue, possibly leading to a kernel panic or denial of service issue.
|
| The socket connection handler in aswArPot.sys in the Avast and AVG Windows Anti Rootkit driver before 22.1 allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code in kernel mode or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and OS crash) due to a double fetch vulnerability at aswArPot+0xc4a3. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
firmware: qcom: uefisecapp: fix efivars registration race
Since the conversion to using the TZ allocator, the efivars service is
registered before the memory pool has been allocated, something which
can lead to a NULL-pointer dereference in case of a racing EFI variable
access.
Make sure that all resources have been set up before registering the
efivars. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
media: chips-media: wave5: Fix SError of kernel panic when closed
SError of kernel panic rarely happened while testing fluster.
The root cause was to enter suspend mode because timeout of autosuspend
delay happened.
[ 48.834439] SError Interrupt on CPU0, code 0x00000000bf000000 -- SError
[ 48.834455] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1067 Comm: v4l2h265dec0:sr Not tainted 6.12.9-gc9e21a1ebd75-dirty #7
[ 48.834461] Hardware name: ti Texas Instruments J721S2 EVM/Texas Instruments J721S2 EVM, BIOS 2025.01-00345-gbaf3aaa8ecfa 01/01/2025
[ 48.834464] pstate: 20000005 (nzCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
[ 48.834468] pc : wave5_dec_clr_disp_flag+0x40/0x80 [wave5]
[ 48.834488] lr : wave5_dec_clr_disp_flag+0x40/0x80 [wave5]
[ 48.834495] sp : ffff8000856e3a30
[ 48.834497] x29: ffff8000856e3a30 x28: ffff0008093f6010 x27: ffff000809158130
[ 48.834504] x26: 0000000000000000 x25: ffff00080b625000 x24: ffff000804a9ba80
[ 48.834509] x23: ffff000802343028 x22: ffff000809158150 x21: ffff000802218000
[ 48.834513] x20: ffff0008093f6000 x19: ffff0008093f6000 x18: 0000000000000000
[ 48.834518] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 0000ffff74009618
[ 48.834523] x14: 000000010000000c x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0000000000000000
[ 48.834527] x11: ffffffffffffffff x10: ffffffffffffffff x9 : ffff000802343028
[ 48.834532] x8 : ffff00080b6252a0 x7 : 0000000000000038 x6 : 0000000000000000
[ 48.834536] x5 : ffff00080b625060 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000000
[ 48.834541] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : ffff800084bf0118 x0 : ffff800084bf0000
[ 48.834547] Kernel panic - not syncing: Asynchronous SError Interrupt
[ 48.834549] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1067 Comm: v4l2h265dec0:sr Not tainted 6.12.9-gc9e21a1ebd75-dirty #7
[ 48.834554] Hardware name: ti Texas Instruments J721S2 EVM/Texas Instruments J721S2 EVM, BIOS 2025.01-00345-gbaf3aaa8ecfa 01/01/2025
[ 48.834556] Call trace:
[ 48.834559] dump_backtrace+0x94/0xec
[ 48.834574] show_stack+0x18/0x24
[ 48.834579] dump_stack_lvl+0x38/0x90
[ 48.834585] dump_stack+0x18/0x24
[ 48.834588] panic+0x35c/0x3e0
[ 48.834592] nmi_panic+0x40/0x8c
[ 48.834595] arm64_serror_panic+0x64/0x70
[ 48.834598] do_serror+0x3c/0x78
[ 48.834601] el1h_64_error_handler+0x34/0x4c
[ 48.834605] el1h_64_error+0x64/0x68
[ 48.834608] wave5_dec_clr_disp_flag+0x40/0x80 [wave5]
[ 48.834615] wave5_vpu_dec_clr_disp_flag+0x54/0x80 [wave5]
[ 48.834622] wave5_vpu_dec_buf_queue+0x19c/0x1a0 [wave5]
[ 48.834628] __enqueue_in_driver+0x3c/0x74 [videobuf2_common]
[ 48.834639] vb2_core_qbuf+0x508/0x61c [videobuf2_common]
[ 48.834646] vb2_qbuf+0xa4/0x168 [videobuf2_v4l2]
[ 48.834656] v4l2_m2m_qbuf+0x80/0x238 [v4l2_mem2mem]
[ 48.834666] v4l2_m2m_ioctl_qbuf+0x18/0x24 [v4l2_mem2mem]
[ 48.834673] v4l_qbuf+0x48/0x5c [videodev]
[ 48.834704] __video_do_ioctl+0x180/0x3f0 [videodev]
[ 48.834725] video_usercopy+0x2ec/0x68c [videodev]
[ 48.834745] video_ioctl2+0x18/0x24 [videodev]
[ 48.834766] v4l2_ioctl+0x40/0x60 [videodev]
[ 48.834786] __arm64_sys_ioctl+0xa8/0xec
[ 48.834793] invoke_syscall+0x44/0x100
[ 48.834800] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xc0/0xe0
[ 48.834804] do_el0_svc+0x1c/0x28
[ 48.834809] el0_svc+0x30/0xd0
[ 48.834813] el0t_64_sync_handler+0xc0/0xc4
[ 48.834816] el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194
[ 48.834820] SMP: stopping secondary CPUs
[ 48.834831] Kernel Offset: disabled
[ 48.834833] CPU features: 0x08,00002002,80200000,4200421b
[ 48.834837] Memory Limit: none
[ 49.161404] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Asynchronous SError Interrupt ]--- |
| FastGPT is an AI Agent building platform. In versions 4.14.11 and prior, FastGPT's isInternalAddress() function in packages/service/common/system/utils.ts is vulnerable to DNS rebinding (TOCTOU — Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use). The function resolves the hostname via dns.resolve4()/dns.resolve6() and checks resolved IPs against private ranges, but the actual HTTP request happens in a separate call with a new DNS resolution, allowing the DNS record to change between validation and fetch. At time of publication, there are no publicly available patches. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rust_binder: avoid reading the written value in offsets array
When sending a transaction, its offsets array is first copied into the
target proc's vma, and then the values are read back from there. This is
normally fine because the vma is a read-only mapping, so the target
process cannot change the value under us.
However, if the target process somehow gains the ability to write to its
own vma, it could change the offset before it's read back, causing the
kernel to misinterpret what the sender meant. If the sender happens to
send a payload with a specific shape, this could in the worst case lead
to the receiver being able to privilege escalate into the sender.
The intent is that gaining the ability to change the read-only vma of
your own process should not be exploitable, so remove this TOCTOU read
even though it's unexploitable without another Binder bug. |
